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Hammond House (Eastview, New York)
The Hammond House is located on Grasslands Road (New York State Route 100C) in the Eastview〔Per the note below, the house has a Valhalla mailing address.〕 section of the town of Mount Pleasant, New York, United States. It is a wooden building whose oldest part dates to the 1720s, with latter additions during the 19th century. In 1980 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.〔
It is one of the oldest houses in Westchester County, and one of only two remaining tenant houses from the Philipsburg Manor.〔 It also has a rich Revolutionary War history. Col. James Hammond, son of the original owner, commanded the Patriot Westchester Militia. Some historical evidence supports a legend that George Washington visited the house for a brief conference with Hammond in 1780, leaving just before the house was surrounded by Loyalists.
During the war the Hammond family bought the land; they held on to it until the 1920s, when New York City acquired the property to protect its watershed. It was planning to demolish the structure, when the county historical society bought the deteriorating house and restored it for use as a historic house museum. It remained open in that capacity for another half-century. When the society shifted its focus to primarily serving as an archive, it sold it to New York Medical College, which used as a medical research laboratory for a decade. It was again saved from potential demolition by two brothers who bought it in the 1990s. They have been restoring it and using it as a venue for small folk music concerts.
==Building==
The house occupies a lot on the east corner of a short, unnamed dead-end street that runs off Grasslands from the north roughly midway between Saw Mill River Road (New York State Route 9A) and the Sprain Brook Parkway in the Eastview section of the town of Mount Pleasant.〔The National Park Service, the agency charged with keeping the National Register, used "Hawthorne vicinity" when it announced the property's listing in 1980 (). Why it chose to do so, when the NRHP application had explicitly used Eastview, is not known.Had the agency based its description of the house's location on its mailing address, as it has for several other properties in the county where postal ZIP Codes and municipalities do not have exactly coterminous boundaries, the house would be described as being in the vicinity of Valhalla to the east, whose 10595 ZIP Code it lies within, like the John Hartford House, a National Historic Landmark on the campus of nearby Westchester Community College, which was listed as being in Valhalla (). The house's current owner also (gives its address ) as Valhalla. Consensus among editors was for this article to use the more historically accurate Eastview as the property's location rather than the NPS's continued use of Hawthorne.〕 The terrain is gently rolling, with the land across the road sloping to the south towards Mine Brook, a tributary of the Saw Mill River to the west. While the area is open and clear, there are no other residences nearby, with most development taking the form of large building complexes.〔
New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center are to the north, across open space where new construction has gone up recent years. Across the road to the south is a large wooded area, with office parks beyond. Big-box retailers and associated strip malls are located along Saw Mill.〔
A line of trees along the road and a wooden fence on the other bounds set off the lot, with the street serving as a driveway. The house itself is in three sections. The main block is a five-bay one-and-a-half-story structure with a shingled gabled roof pierced by a single brick chimney in the center. It is sided in clapboard.〔
Running the full length of the south (front) facade is a porch. The overhanging roof eave is supported by six square wooden pillars. The main entrance, a paneled and glazed wooden door, is located the center. It has wrought iron hardware and a glazed transom above.〔
All the windows on the first story front and sides are 12-over-8 double-hung sash flanked by wooden shutters; those on the west facade are original to the house. The attic windows are six-over-six double-hung sash without shutters. On the north side, where fenestration is less regular, two shed-roofed dormer windows pierce the roof on the west side.〔
The two-bay west wing was built separately elsewhere, moved and later attached to the main block. Its roof is similarly gabled, but in a saltbox style, lower in the north than the south. Like the main block, the roof and sides are clapboard and shingled respectively. However, a large section of the west wall is bricked in where the fireplace was, and the chimney is at the end, reflecting that alteration as well.〔
A small shed-roofed porch supported by a single square wooden pillar shelters the house's secondary entrance, protected also by a modern screen door. The other front bay has a 12-over-8 double-hung sash window like those on the main block. On the west elevation is one six-over-six double-hung sash north of the bricking, and two six-light casement windows at the attic level, which does not rise as high as the main block.〔
The east wing is a two-story, two-bay addition. It has the same exterior treatment and gabled roof as the main block and west wing. The roof's slope is slightly gentler than the main block, and like the west wing its chimney is on the end. The first-story windows are six-over-six; the upper story has the same six-light casement seen on the west wing.〔
Inside, the main front entrance opens into a small front hall. On the west is the original parlor, with its original fireplace; opposite is the original kitchen. A large bedroom, with a fireplace, and several smaller rooms adjoin the kitchen. From the parlor is the western addition, now the kitchen wing, with two antechambers on its kitchen. It, too, has a fireplace.〔
The rooms all have their original wideboard flooring. All rooms have plaster walls, except for two in the parlor, which are wood. Some of the original wooden doors remain as well. A main staircase in the rear and a secondary one in the kitchen lead up to the unfinished attics. There is no basement.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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